Abstract

Terrorism remains one of the most complex and contentious concepts in political science and international relations, largely due to the persistent challenge of arriving at a universally accepted definition. This article critically examines the definitional problem of terrorism, exploring the various dimensions and perspectives that contribute to its ambiguity. It analyzes the difficulties in distinguishing terrorism from other forms of political violence, insurgency, and warfare, highlighting how context, political agendas, and legal interpretations influence definitions. The paper reviews key academic, legal, and policy-oriented definitions, revealing inconsistencies and contradictions that complicate efforts to formulate effective counterterrorism strategies and international cooperation. Furthermore, it discusses the impact of definitional disputes on human rights, state sovereignty, and media representation. By addressing the theoretical and practical implications of the definitional problem, this study underscores the need for clearer conceptual frameworks to enhance understanding, policy formulation, and the global response to terrorism.