Abstract

Augmented Reality (AR) has evolved significantly in recent years, transforming from a niche technology into a powerful tool across diverse industries such as gaming, healthcare, education, retail, and manufacturing. This article presents a comprehensive review of recent advances in AR, focusing on improvements in hardware, software, and user interaction. Key developments include the emergence of lightweight AR headsets, enhanced spatial mapping through LiDAR and computer vision, and the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enable context-aware and adaptive AR experiences. Advances in mobile AR platforms, such as ARKit and ARCore, have democratized access to AR content, while innovations in cloud computing and 5G connectivity have enabled real-time, multi-user collaboration in immersive environments. The article also explores challenges such as privacy concerns, hardware limitations, and the need for standardized development frameworks. Special attention is given to the convergence of AR with other technologies like Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality (MR), and the Metaverse, highlighting its role in shaping next-generation human-computer interaction. Overall, the paper underscores AR’s growing potential to redefine digital experiences and offers insights into the future direction of research and commercial applications in the field.